SystemRescue, yaimbozivikanwa seSystemRescueCD, kugoverwa kweLinux kwakagadzirirwa kudzoreredza akakuvadzwa masisitimu anoshanda, kupatsanura manejimendi, backup, uye manejimendi. Iyo yakavakirwa paArch Linux, ine zvakawanda zvekushandisa zvekushanda nehurongwa.
Zvinhu zvikuru zveSystemRescue
- Bootloader kupora (GRUB, Syslinux)
- Kushanda neakakuvadzwa mafaira masisitimu
- Partition management (GParted, parted, fdisk, gdisk)
- Kugadzira uye kudzoreredza backups (Clonezilla, dd, rsync)
- Kutarisa SMART disks (smartctl)
- Kushanda netiweki (SSH, NFS, Samba)
- Tsigiro yezvishandiso zveWindows NTFS uye FAT
- Kusvika kure (VNC, SSH)
Kutanga neSystemRescue
Kuti zvive nyore kwevashandisi, iyo SystemRescue kugovera yatovepo yekupinda iyo yekudzoreredza modhi. Kuti ushandise chinhu ichi, enda kuVMManager virtual server control panel uye shandisa maitiro ekudzoreredza.
Iwe unogona ikozvino kuwana sevha. Kuzviita sei? Iwe unofanirwa kubatanidza kuburikidza ne VNC protocol mune chero nzira iri nyore: kuburikidza nea mubrowser kana munhu anoda kubetserwa yakaiswa pakombuta yako. Ipapo iwe uchave nekuwana kune ese masystem manejimendi sarudzo kuburikidza neSystemRescue.
SystemRescue mune console mode
Zviito zvikuru zvinoitwa mu console mode. Mount partitions kuti uone Linux kana Windows masisitimu akaiswa pane diski yako. Unogona kukwira Linux faira masisitimu (ext4, xfs, btrfs, reiserfs), pamwe neFAT uye NTFS zvikamu zvinoshandiswa neWindows, unogona kutsigira data uye mafaera ekushandisa system, uye woadzosera, unogona kushandisa vim uye nano vapepeti kugadzirisa mafaera.
SystemRescue ine GUI
Kana iwe uchida maturusi emifananidzo, unogona kutanga iyo graphical nharaunda nekupinda iyo startx command. Iyo graphical nharaunda inokubvumira kuti ushande neGParted (partition manager), shandisa graphical edhita seGeany kana Featherpad, tsvaga pawebhu, uye shandisa zviteshi zvakaita se xfce-terminal.
Network Settings SystemRescue
SystemRescue inokutendera kuti ubatanidze kune network. Ichi chimiro chinokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire ma backups pamusoro petiweki, kurodha mafaera, shanda kure neSSH kana kuwana mafaera ari paLinux server (kuburikidza neNFS) kana Windows system (kuburikidza neSamba). Iyo yakanyanya nyore nzira yekugadzirisa network ndeye kushandisa iyo Network-Manager sevhisi. Iyo inopa yakanyanya nyore graphical chishandiso chekugadzirisa network. Iyo inorerutsa zvakanyanya kumisikidzwa yetiweki. Ichi chishandiso chinowanikwa sediki icon mubhara rebasa padyo newachi munzvimbo yegraphical. A nyore console utility ndeye nmtui -Inopa mameseji interface yekumisikidza uye kubata network yekubatanidza. Icho chikamu cheNetworkManager uye inobvumira vashandisi kugadzirisa network paramita pasina kusiya terminal.
Kana iwe uchida kumisikidza network nemaoko, unogona kushandisa anobatsira ekuraira mitsara maturusi.
Vhura terminal uye mhanya:
ip link showIwe uchaona runyoro rwemainterfaces, semuenzaniso:
1. lo: ...
2. ens3: ...Static IP setup:
ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev ens3
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1Tarisa nemurairo:
ip addr show eth0
ip routeIwe unogona kugadzirisa DNS nekugadzirisa kana kugadzira faira /etc/resolv.conf:
nano /etc/resolv.confUye gadzira zvinyorwa:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 1.1.1.1
Basic SystemRescue Zvishandiso uye Mirairo
Kudzoreredza iyo GRUB bootloader
Sarudza iyo root partition:
fdisk -lMount root partition:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntKune UEFI masisitimu:
mount /dev/sdXn /mnt/boot/efiIsa GRUB:
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdXn
update-grubYe XFS (tarisa chete):
xfs_repair -n /dev/sdXnKugadzirisa zvikamu
Mirairo inowanikwa: parted, fdisk, gdisk, lsblk, mkfs, mount, umount
Kugadzira ext4 partition:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXnKushanda nemafaira masisitimu
Kutarisa uye kudzoreredza iyo faira system:
fsck /dev/sdXn # для ext4, ext3
ntfsfix /dev/sdXn # для NTFSKugadzira:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntKushanda neBtrfs uye XFS:
btrfs check /dev/sdXn
xfs_repair /dev/sdXnDisk cloning ne ddrescue
Kubatanidza dhisiki rakakuvadzwa kumufananidzo:
ddrescue -f -n /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.logKuenderera mberi neyakakanganiswa cloning nekuyedza kudzoreredza zvikamu zvakaipa:
ddrescue -d -f -r3 /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.lognegadziriro yeparutivi
ne dd:
dd if=/dev/sdXn of=/dev/sdXn bs=64K status=progressne rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Kukopa data pane network
Pamuchina unotangwa (receiver):
nc -l -p 1234 | dd of=disk.imgPamuchina wekutanga (mabviro):
dd if=/dev/sdXn | nc 192.168.1.100 1234Buda kupora mode
MuVMManager virtual server control panel, sarudza muchina unodiwa uye wodzima maitiro ekudzoreredza mumenyu; mushure mekutangazve, sevha ichatanga kune yayo yapfuura.
FAQ SystemRescue
Maitiro ekunyora SystemRescue kune USB flash drive?
Dhawunirodha kugovera kubva ku pamutemo Website, wobva wagadzira yekuisa flash drive
Windows: pamwe Rufus
Linux:
dd if=systemrescue.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress && syncZvinoita here kushandisa SystemRescue pasina kuisirwa?
Hongu, inoshanda zvachose muLive mode - ichimhanya kubva ku USB, CD kana ISO mumuchina chaiwo.
Ndeapi mafaira anotsigira?
Inotsigirwa ext2/3/4, XFS, Btrfs, FAT, NTFS, ReiserFS, exFAT nevamwe.
Nzira yekugadzira sei disk?
Linux:
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=64K status=progressZvinoita here kudzoreredza mafaira akadzimwa?
Hongu, kushandisa photorec (text interface) kana testdisk (partition recovery).
Nzira yekugadzira kopi yekuchengetedza?
Semuyenzaniso rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Pane rutsigiro rweWindows disks?
Ehe, unogona kukwira uye kuverenga NTFS uye FAT32.
Zvinoita here kushandisa SystemRescue kure?
Hongu, SSH, VNC, Samba, NFS uye mamwe maturusi etiweki anotsigirwa.
mhedziso
SystemRescue chishandiso chakakosha kune masystem administrator, mainjiniya ekutsigira uye vashandisi vemagetsi. Zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kudzoreredza data, kugadzirisa nyaya dzebhutsu, kuongorora Hardware uye kugadzirisa zvikamu. Iine akasiyana-siyana akavakirwa-mukati maturusi, inotsiva akawanda eakaparadzana Live kugovera uye zvinoshandiswa mune imwechete ISO.
