Me pehea te whakauru i te LAMP Stack i runga i te CentOS Stream

I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakamāramahia e mātou te tukanga tāutanga o te puranga LAMP ki tētahi tūmau e whakahaere ana i te pūnaha whakahaere CentOS Stream. Ka ako koe me pēhea te whirihora i ia wāhanga, i ia taahiraa, me te manatoko i te mahi a te puranga kua tāutahia. Mō ngā kaiwhakamahi e mahi ana me ngā tohatoha Debian/Ubuntu, kua whakaahuahia tētahi tukanga tāutanga LAMP rite i roto i tētahi atu o ā mātou tuhinga.

Kei roto i te puranga LAMP he huinga rorohiko, tae atu ki te punaha whakahaere Linux, te tūmau tukutuku Apache, te punaha whakahaere pātengi raraunga MySQL, MariaDB ranei, me te reo tuhi PHP. Ka mahi tahi enei waahanga ki te hanga i tetahi papaa kaha me te ngawari mo te tuku tono tukutuku me nga paetukutuku.

Te whakarite mo te Tūmau

I mua i te tiimata o te whakaurunga, me mahi he raupapa whakaritenga.

Te huri ki te Superuser

Ko te mea tuatahi, me whiwhi koe i nga mana rangatira (pakiaka) na te mea ko te nuinga o nga whakahau e hiahiatia ana mo te tatūnga tūmau me whai whakaaetanga teitei. Whakauruhia te whakahau e whai ake nei hei huri ki te kaiwhakamahi pakiaka:

su -

Whakahou Pūnaha

I muri mai, ka tūtohu kia whakahouhia nga kohinga katoa kua whakauruhia ki nga putanga hou. Hei whakahōu, whakahaeretia te whakahau:

dnf update -y

Papatūahi Pātūahi

Hei whakarite i te haumarutanga o to tūmau, me whirihora e koe nga ture uru. Ko te CentOS Stream e whakamahi ana i te papangaahi ma te taunoa hei punaha whakahaere ture. Me whakarite kei te whakauruhia, kei te whakahaere hoki te paahi ahi:

systemctl status firewalld

Na, whakatuwheratia nga tauranga ka whakamahia e te puranga LAMP:

• HTTP (tauranga 80) mo te uru ki te paetukutuku;
• HTTPS (tauranga 443) mo te uru ki te paetukutuku haumaru;
• MySQL (tauranga 3306) mo te urunga raraunga (mehemea ka hiahiatia he hononga mamao).

Whakamahia nga whakahau e whai ake nei hei whakatuwhera i enei tauranga:

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp

Ano, taapirihia he ture mo te hononga SSH:

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=22/tcp

Whai muri i te taapiri i nga ture e tika ana, utaina ano nga tautuhinga pātūahi:

firewall-cmd --reload

Me mohio kei te mahi tika te paahi ahi. Whakahaerehia te whakahau e whai ake nei hei tiro i nga ture katoa:

firewall-cmd --list-all

Apache Tāuta

Hei tāuta Apache, whakamahia te kaiwhakahaere mōkihi DNF. Mena ka hiahia koe ki te putanga taketake o Apache, whakamahia te whakahau e whai ake nei:

dnf install httpd -y

I tua atu i te whakaurunga taketake o Apache, ka taea hoki e koe te taapiri i nga momo taputapu me nga waahanga hei whakawhānui i te mahi me te whakarei ake i te haumarutanga o te tūmau tukutuku. Ko te wetereo o tenei tono ko:

dnf install additional_packages –y

Hei whakauru i te ratonga me etahi atu kete, ka penei te ahua o te whakahau:

dnf install httpd additional_packages -y

Tirohia ngā tuhinga whaimana kia mōhio ai koe ki ngā taputapu me ngā kōwae e wātea ana.

I muri i te whakauru i a Apache, tiimata ka taapirihia ki te tiimata:

systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd

Tirohia te mana o te ratonga ma te whakamahi i te whakahau:

systemctl status httpd

I tenei wa, ka taea e koe te whakatuwhera i tetahi kaitirotiro paetukutuku ka uru ki te wahitau IP o te tūmau ki te pae wāhitau. Me kite koe i te wharangi powhiri a Apache, e tohu ana i te whakaurunga angitu:

Ko te tikanga, kei roto i te kōpaki /etc/httpd a Apache i runga i te CentOS . Kei roto i tēnei kōpaki ngā kōpaki me ngā kōnae e whakamahia ana mō te whirihoranga me te whakahaere tūmau.

Me whakanoho ngā kōnae paetukutuku, pērā i te HTML, CSS, JavaScript, ki roto i te kōpaki /var/www/html . Ka taea te uru atu ki ngā kōnae katoa o tēnei kōpaki i te wāhitau o tō pae.

Tāutanga MySQL

I tenei waahanga, ka titiro tatou ki te tukanga o te whakauru me te whirihora i a MariaDB i runga i te tūmau CentOS Stream. Ko MariaDB he marau o MySQL e mau tonu ana te hototahi ki MySQL engari he pai ake te mahi, nga ahuatanga whakarei, me te hapori kaiwhakawhanake kaha. Hei whakauru i te taputapu, whakamahia te whakahau:

dnf install mariadb-server mariadb -y

Whai muri i te whakaurunga, tiimata te ratonga ka taea te tiimata ki te tiimata i te punaha:

systemctl start mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb

Hei whakarite kei te whakahaere tika te ratonga MariaDB, whakamahia te whakahau e whai ake nei:

systemctl status mariadb

Ka whakaratohia e MariaDB he tuhinga tautuhinga haumarutanga ka taea e koe te tango i nga tautuhinga taunoa kore haumaru me te tiaki i te papaarangi. Whakahaerehia:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

I te wa e mahia ana te tuhinga, ka akiakihia koe ki te mahi i etahi waahanga:

1. Whakaritea he kupuhipa mo te kaiwhakamahi pakiaka (mehemea kaore ano kia tautuhia);
2. Tangohia nga kaiwhakamahi kore ingoa;
3. Whakaaetia te takiuru mamao hei pakiaka;
4. Tango i te pātengi raraunga whakamātautau me te uru ki reira;
5. Utaina ano nga ripanga mana hei hoatu huringa.

E taunaki ana kia whakautu tika (y) i nga wahanga katoa.

I muri i te whakaoti i te tatūnga haumarutanga tuatahi, ka taea e koe te hono atu ki a MariaDB. Ki te mahi i tenei, whakahaerehia te whakahau:

mysql -u root -p

Hei whakarite kia tika te mahi a MariaDB, ka tūtohu kia hangahia he papaa raraunga whakamatautau. Whakahaerehia nga whakahau e whai ake nei i roto i te papatohu MariaDB:

CREATE DATABASE testdb;
USE testdb;
CREATE TABLE test_table (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO test_table (name) VALUES ('example data');
SELECT * FROM test_table;

Ka hangaia e enei whakahau he whakamatautauranga raraunga hou, he ripanga test_table, ka taapirihia he rekoata. Ka whakaatu i nga ihirangi o te ripanga hei manatoko:

Hei puta i te anga, whakamahia te whakahau:

exit

Tāuta PHP

I muri i te whakauru i a Apache me MySQL, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakauru me te whirihora i te PHP, he kawenga mo te tukatuka i nga wharangi paetukutuku hihiri. He rite ki a Apache, ka taea e koe te whakaurunga taketake o PHP me te taapiri i nga waahanga taapiri e tika ana. Mo te whakaurunga taketake, whakamahia te whakahau:

dnf install php

Heoi, i tenei ahua, he iti noa te whakauru i te taputapu. I te nuinga o nga wa, ka puta tonu te whakaurunga me etahi atu waahanga. Kia tāuta me etahi kōwae hira:

dnf install php php-cli php-mysqlnd php-json php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pdo php-opcache php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap php-zip –y

Tirohia ngā tuhinga whaimana mō te rārangi katoa o ngā kōwae e wātea ana. Hei tirotiro i ngā kōwae kua tāutahia, whakamahia te whakahau:

php -m

Hei taki i te putanga kua whakauruhia o PHP, whakamahia te whakahau:

php -v

Kei /etc/php.ini te kōnae whirihoranga matua o te PHP . Whakatuwheratia tēnei kōnae ki roto i tētahi ētita tuhinga:

vim /etc/php.ini

Hangaia ngā huringa e tika ana, hei tauira, whakatakotohia te rohe wā tika mā te whakamahi i te tohutohu date.timezone me te whakatika i ngā rahi kōnae tukuatu mā te whakamahi i ngā tohutohu upload_max_filesize me post_max_size. Mena kāore anō koe kia mahi me ngā ētita tuhinga papatohu i mua, kua whakaritea e mātou he tuhinga hei āwhina i a koe ki te mārama ki ngā kaupapa matua o te mahi me te vim.

I muri i te whakauru i te taputapu me te whakarereke i te konae whirihoranga, whakaara ano i te ratonga Apache:

systemctl restart httpd

Hei tirotiro i te mahi, waihangahia he tuhinga māmā hei whakaatu i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te putanga PHP me ngā tautuhinga o nāianei. Waihangahia he kōnae info.php i roto i te whaiaronga pūtake tūmau tukutuku /var/www/html me ngā ihirangi e whai ake nei:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Whakatuwheratia he kaitirotiro paetukutuku ka uru ki te URL o te tūmau ka whai i te ingoa konae tuhinga whakamatautau. Hei tauira:

http://your_server_ip/info.php

Mena kua tatū tika nga mea katoa, ka kite koe i nga korero taipitopito mo te putanga PHP, nga tautuhinga, nga waahanga tautoko, me etahi atu:

Opaniraa

Ko te whakauru i te puranga LAMP ki runga i te tūmau CentOS Stream he mahi nui mo te hanga i tetahi tūmau tukutuku pono. Ma te whai i nga tohutohu, kua ako koe me pehea te whirihora i a Apache, MySQL, me te PHP, e tika ana mo nga paetukutuku hihiri. Ka whakatuwherahia e tenei puranga he maha nga waahanga mo te whakawhanaketanga paetukutuku, me te ako me te arotautanga ka awhina koe ki te whakapai ake i te mahi me te pono o to tūmau.