Menene Linux

Linux iyali ne na musamman na tsarin aiki, wanda aka haɓaka bisa tushen kernel ɗinsa, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai akan sabar a duk duniya. Wannan tsarin tsarin aiki mai ban sha'awa ya shahara saboda kwanciyar hankali mara misaltuwa, tsaro, da sassauci, yana mai da shi mafita mai kyau don ɗaukar kowane sabar. Bugu da ƙari, Linux yana jin daɗin faɗaɗa tallafi daga masu sha'awar haɓakawa a cikin al'umma, suna ba da ɗimbin tsari da kayan aiki daban-daban don ingantaccen sarrafa uwar garken da daidaitawa.

Me yasa sabar Linux ke jan hankalin masu farawa? Amsar ita ce mai sauƙi - saboda lasisin kyauta da lambar tushe. Masu gudanarwa na masu amfani na yau da kullun suna zaɓar wannan tsarin aiki don yanayinsa mara nauyi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen amfani da albarkatun sabar, da ƙarancin buƙatun kayan masarufi. Waɗannan halayen sun sa Linux zaɓi mafi kyau don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na tsarin sabar.

Labarin yana nufin bincika menene Linux kuma fa'idodinsa, taɓa wasu ƙididdiga, gudanar da cikakken kwatance tare da Windows Server, da kuma bincika manyan rarrabawar uwar garken Linux, tare da tattauna halayensu da yuwuwarsu.

Yadda ake sanin Linux

A cikin 1991, Linus Torvalds ya ƙirƙiri Linux, tsarin aiki mai buɗewa. Wani sanannen fasalin Linux shine buɗewar sa, ma'ana kowa yana iya samun dama ga lambar tushen tsarin aiki, yin canje-canje cikin yardar kaina, da faɗaɗa ayyukansa gwargwadon abubuwan da suke so da buƙatun su. Godiya ga wannan manufar, Linux yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan hanyoyin da ake buƙata a duk duniya, ana amfani da su a fagage daban-daban, daga sabar da na'urorin hannu zuwa tsarin basirar wucin gadi. Manyan kamfanonin IT kamar Google, Facebook, da Amazon sun fi son Linux don sabobin su, suna tabbatar da mahimmancinsa da amincinsa.
Wasu ƙididdiga masu ban mamaki game da Linux sun haɗa da:

1. Linux shine tsarin tushe na sama da 90% na kayan aikin girgije a duniya.
2. Kusan kashi 98% na manyan kwamfutoci na duniya suna aiki akan Linux.
3. Linux ya mamaye koyan na'ura da hankali na wucin gadi, yana ƙarfafa kusan kashi 90% na na'urori a cikin wannan filin.
4. Fiye da kashi 75% na na'urori don ajiyar bayanai da tsarin wariyar ajiya suna amfani da Linux a ainihin su.
5. A halin yanzu, akwai sama da 600 daban-daban rarraba Linux, kowanne yana da fasali na musamman da ayyuka.

Labarin ya ƙare ta hanyar tattauna mashahurin uwar garken Linux rabawa, halayen su, da aikace-aikace masu amfani a matsayin mafita na farko don sadaukarwa or sabobin sabobin.

Menene Rarraba Sabar Linux

Daga cikin tsarin aiki na uwar garken Linux, manyan masu fafutuka uku sun fice: CentOS, Debian, da Ubuntu, kowane na musamman da kuma yadu amfani da masu gudanarwa. Mu duba kusa da kowanne:

1. CentOS: Shahararru tsakanin kamfanoni tare da aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci, CentOS an san shi da kwanciyar hankali. Sabunta tsarin yana nufin kiyaye wannan kwanciyar hankali, ba da damar masu gudanarwa su shigar da gyare-gyare da sabuntawa ba tare da haɗarin kwanciyar hankali na tsarin ba. Dangane da Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) Lambobin tushe, CentOS yana amfani tsarin tsarin don farawa da kuma YUM (Yellowdog Updater Modified) tsarin sarrafa kunshin.
2. Debian: Rarraba iri-iri da ke mai da hankali kan kwanciyar hankali da software kyauta, ana amfani da Debian sosai daga sabar gidan yanar gizo zuwa masaukin sirri. Ba kamar CentOS ba, Debian yana amfani da APT (Advanced Package Tool) tsarin sarrafa kunshin da ko dai sysvinit or tsarin tsarin don farawa, dangane da sigar. Hakanan yana samar da tushe don yawancin rabawa, gami da Ubuntu.
3. Ubuntu: An san shi don sauƙin amfani da ayyuka masu ƙarfi, Ubuntu yana ba da nau'ikan tallafi na dogon lokaci (LTS). Zaɓin fakitinsa mai yawa a cikin ma'ajiya na hukuma ya sa ya dace da sabar gidan yanar gizo, sarrafa bayanai, haɓakawa, ko lissafin girgije. Ubuntu yana amfani da shi APT tsarin sarrafa kunshin, rashin daidaituwa ga tsarin tsarin, kuma yana tallafawa fasahar zamani kamar Docker da kuma Kubernetes.

Koyaya, duk da wasu bambance-bambance tsakanin waɗannan rabe-raben, suna raba abubuwan gama gari:

1. Dukkanin rabawa guda uku software ce kyauta tare da lambar bude-lambar, jaddadawa tsarin tsaro.
2. Suna bayarwa ɗakunan ajiya masu yawa, ƙyale masu amfani su nemo da shigar da shirye-shirye da fakiti daban-daban.
3. CentOS, Debian, da Ubuntu suna da ƙungiyoyi masu aiki na masu amfani da masu haɓakawa, tabbatar da tallafi, sabuntawa, da musayar ilimi.

Me yasa Linux

Mun bincika babban rabon uwar garken Linux, halayensu, da mahallin aikace-aikace. Koyaya, yawancin masu gudanar da tsarin ba sa ganin babban bambanci tsakanin Linux da mashahurin Windows Server. Bari mu dubi tebur mai kwatanta wanda ke gabatar da manyan bambance-bambance, la'akari da ƙayyadaddun sigogi:

Daga teburin da aka tanadar, ana iya ƙarasa da cewa Windows Server rufaffiyar dandali ne na aiki wanda aka tsara da farko don mahalli da ke da alaƙa da fasahar Microsoft. Kayan aikin da aka gina a ciki suna ba da babban dacewa tare da samfuran Microsoft, amma kuma suna iyakance masu amfani a zaɓin fasahar su.

Sabanin haka, rarrabawar uwar garken Linux sun dogara ne akan buɗaɗɗen tushe kuma sun fi sauƙi. Suna tallafawa nau'ikan dandamali na kayan aiki da yawa kuma suna ba da tsarin sarrafa fakiti daban-daban, wanda ke sa su zama masu dacewa a duniya don yanayin yanayin amfani iri-iri.

a ƙarshe

Ana iya faɗi da tabbaci cewa Linux shine zaɓi na yawancin masu amfani a yau, ba tare da la'akari da ayyukansu ba. An gudanar da cikakken kimanta mahimmancin tsarin a duniyar zamani, gami da duba rabe-raben sabar uwar garken Linux da yawa, tattaunawa kan fasalulluka na wannan kwaya, da nazari na kwatance tare da shahararriyar Windows Server.

Ana ba da shawarar ci gaba da bincika labarai masu amfani a cikin sashin na yanzu don samun zurfin fahimtar menene Linux da fasalinsa da kuma koyon yadda ake amfani da wannan ilimin a aikace.