Sistemu nnapụta, nke a na-akpọbu SystemRescueCD, bụ nkesa Linux emebere maka iweghachi sistemụ arụmọrụ mebiri emebi, njikwa nkebi, ndabere, na nchịkwa. Ọ dabere na Arch Linux, nwere ọtụtụ akụrụngwa maka ịrụ ọrụ na sistemụ.
Isi atụmatụ nke SystemRescue
- mgbake bootloader (GRUB, Syslinux)
- Na-arụ ọrụ na sistemụ faịlụ mebiri emebi
- Njikwa nkebi (GParted, kewara, fdisk, gdisk)
- Ịmepụta na iweghachi nkwado ndabere (Clonezilla, dd, rsync)
- Na-enyocha diski SMART (smartctl)
- Na-arụ ọrụ na netwọk (SSH, NFS, Samba)
- Nkwado maka akụrụngwa maka Windows NTFS na FAT
- Nnweta anya (VNC, SSH)
Na-amalite na SystemRescue
Maka ịdị mma nke ndị ọrụ, nkesa SystemRescue adịlarị maka ịbanye ọnọdụ mgbake. Iji jiri njirimara a, gaa na VMManager virtual server control panel ma mee ka ọnọdụ mgbake ahụ rụọ ọrụ.
Ị nwere ike ịnweta ihe nkesa ugbu a. Kedu ka esi eme ya? Ịkwesịrị ijikọ site na VNC protocol n'ụzọ ọ bụla dabara adaba: site na a nchọgharị ma ọ bụ a ahịa arụnyere na kọmputa gị. Mgbe ahụ ị ga-enwe ike ịnweta nhọrọ njikwa sistemụ niile site na SystemRescue.
Nzọpụta sistemu na ọnọdụ njikwa
A na-eme isi ihe na ọnọdụ njikwa. Wụnye akụkụ iji chọpụta sistemụ Linux ma ọ bụ Windows arụnyere na diski gị. Ị nwere ike ịkwanye sistemụ faịlụ Linux (ext4, xfs, btrfs, reiserfs), yana akụkụ FAT na NTFS nke Windows na-eji, ị nwere ike ịkwado data na faịlụ sistemụ, wee weghachi ha, ị nwere ike iji ya. vim na nano ndị editọ iji dezie faịlụ.
Sistemụ nnapụta na GUI
Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ngwaọrụ eserese, ị nwere ike ịmalite gburugburu eserese site na ịbanye na startx iwu. Gburugburu eserese na-enye gị ohere ịrụ ọrụ na GParted (onye njikwa nkebi), jiri ndị editọ eserese dị ka Geany ma ọ bụ Featherpad, chọgharịa na webụ, wee jiri ọnụ dị ka xfce-terminal.
Ntọala netwọkụ sistemụ nnapụta
SystemRescue na-enye gị ohere ijikọ na netwọkụ. Njirimara a na-enye gị ohere ịmepụta nkwado ndabere na mpaghara netwọkụ, budata faịlụ, rụọ ọrụ site na SSH ma ọ bụ nweta faịlụ dị na sava Linux (site na NFS) ma ọ bụ sistemụ Windows (site na Samba). Ụzọ kachasị mma iji hazie netwọkụ ahụ bụ iji ọrụ Network-Management. Ọ na-enye ngwá ọrụ eserese dị mma maka ịhazi netwọkụ. Ọ na-eme ka nhazi nke netwọk dị mfe. Ngwá ọrụ a dị dị ka obere akara ngosi na taskbar dị n'akụkụ elekere na gburugburu eserese. Ngwa njikwa adaba bụ nmtui - ọ na-enye interface ederede maka ịhazi na ijikwa njikọ netwọkụ. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke NetworkManager ma na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ịhazi paramita netwọkụ na-ahapụghị ọnụ.
Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ iji aka gị guzobe netwọkụ ahụ, ịnwere ike iji ngwa ahịrị iwu dị mma.
Mepee ọnụ ọnụ wee gbaa ọsọ:
ip link showỊ ga-ahụ ndepụta nke interfaces, dịka ọmụmaatụ:
1. lo: ...
2. ens3: ...Ntọala IP static:
ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev ens3
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1Lelee iwu a:
ip addr show eth0
ip routeỊ nwere ike hazie DNS site na dezie ma ọ bụ ịmepụta faịlụ /etc/resolv.conf:
nano /etc/resolv.confMa tinye ndenye:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 1.1.1.1
Ngwaọrụ nnapụta nke Basic na iwu
Na-eweghachi bootloader GRUB
Kpebie nkebi mgbọrọgwụ:
fdisk -lUgwu mgbọrọgwụ nkebi:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntMaka sistemụ UEFI:
mount /dev/sdXn /mnt/boot/efiWụnye GRUB:
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdXn
update-grubMaka XFS (nleba anya naanị):
xfs_repair -n /dev/sdXnIjikwa nkebi
Iwu dị: parted, fdisk, gdisk, lsblk, mkfs, mount, umount
Ịmepụta akụkụ ext4:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXnNa-arụ ọrụ na sistemụ faịlụ
Lelee na iweghachi sistemụ faịlụ:
fsck /dev/sdXn # для ext4, ext3
ntfsfix /dev/sdXn # для NTFSN'elu ugwu:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntNa-arụ ọrụ na Btrfs na XFS:
btrfs check /dev/sdXn
xfs_repair /dev/sdXnIhe mkpuchi diski nwere drescue
Ikpuchi diski mebiri emebi na onyonyo:
ddrescue -f -n /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.logNa-aga n'ihu cloning kwụsịrị site na mbọ iji weghachi ngalaba ọjọọ:
ddrescue -d -f -r3 /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.logndabere
na dd:
dd if=/dev/sdXn of=/dev/sdXn bs=64K status=progressna rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Na-eṅomi data na netwọk
N'elu igwe ebumnuche (onye nnata):
nc -l -p 1234 | dd of=disk.imgNa igwe izizi (isi mmalite):
dd if=/dev/sdXn | nc 192.168.1.100 1234Wepụ ọnọdụ nkwụghachi
Na VMManager mebere ihe nkesa njikwa panel, họrọ igwe achọrọ ma gbanyụọ ọnọdụ mgbake na menu; mgbe ịmalitegharịa, ihe nkesa ahụ ga-ebuba na steeti mbụ ya.
FAQ Sistemu Nnapụta
Kedu otu esi ede SystemRescue na draịvụ USB?
Budata nkesa site na ukara website, wee mepụta ihe nrụnye flash mbanye
Windows: ya na Rufus
Linux:
dd if=systemrescue.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress && syncỌ ga-ekwe omume iji SystemRescue na-enweghị nrụnye?
Ee, ọ na-arụ ọrụ kpam kpam na Live mode - na-esi na USB, CD ma ọ bụ ISO na igwe mebere.
Kedu sistemụ faịlụ ọ na-akwado?
Na-akwado ext2/3/4, XFS, Btrfs, FAT, NTFS, ReiserFS, exFAT na ndị ọzọ.
Kedu ka esi emechi diski?
Linux:
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=64K status=progressỌ ga-ekwe omume ị nwetaghachi faịlụ ndị ehichapụrụ?
Ee, na-eji photorec (ntụgharị ederede) ma ọ bụ testdisk (mgbake nkebi).
Kedu ka esi emepụta oyiri ndabere?
Ọmụmaatụ rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Enwere nkwado maka diski Windows?
Ee, ị nwere ike bulie ma gụọ NTFS na FAT32.
Ọ ga-ekwe omume iji SystemRescue remote?
Ee, SSH, VNC, Samba, NFS na ngwaọrụ netwọk ndị ọzọ na-akwado.
mmechi
SystemRescue bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa maka ndị na-ahụ maka sistemụ, ndị injinia na-akwado na ndị ọrụ ike. Ọ na-eme ka ọ dị mfe naghachi data, nsogbu buut mbipụta, chọpụta ngwaike na jikwaa partitions. Site na akụrụngwa arụnyere dị iche iche, ọ na-edochi ọtụtụ nkesa Live dị iche iche na akụrụngwa n'otu ISO.
