Nidaamka Badbaadinta, oo hore loo yiqiin SystemRescueCD, waa qaybinta Linux loogu talagalay soo kabashada nidaamyada qalliinka ee burburay, maaraynta qaybinta, kaydinta, iyo maamulka. Waxay ku saleysan tahay Arch Linux, oo ka kooban agabyo badan oo loogu talagalay la shaqeynta nidaamka.
Tilmaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee SystemRescue
- Soo kabashada bootloader (GRUB, Syslinux)
- La shaqaynta nidaamyada faylalka dhaawacmay
- Maamulka qaybta (GParted, parted, fdisk, gdisk)
- Abuuritaanka iyo soo celinta kaydka (Clonezilla, dd, rsync)
- Hubinta saxanka SMART (smartctl)
- La shaqaynta shabakadaha (SSH, NFS, Samba)
- Taageerada utility for Windows NTFS iyo baruurta
- Helitaanka fog (VNC, SSH)
Ku Bilawga SystemRescue
Si ay ugu habboonaato isticmaaleyaasha, qaybinta SystemRescue ayaa mar hore diyaar u ah gelitaanka habka soo kabashada. Si aad u isticmaasho sifadan, aad VMMnager Virtual server-ka kontoroolka oo dami habka soo kabashada.
Hadda waxaad geli kartaa server-ka Sidee loo sameeyaa? Waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku xidhid khadka VNC borotokoolka si kasta oo ku haboon: iyada oo loo marayo a browser ama a macmiilka lagu rakibay kombiyuutarkaaga. Markaa waxaad heli doontaa dhammaan xulashooyinka maaraynta nidaamka iyada oo loo marayo SystemRescue.
SystemRescue ee qaabka console
Ficilada ugu muhiimsan waxaa lagu sameeyaa qaabka console. Ku dhaji qaybaha si aad u ogaatid Linux ama nidaamyada Windows ee lagu rakibay saxankaaga. Waxaad ku dhejin kartaa nidaamyada faylasha Linux (ext4, xfs, btrfs, reiserfs), iyo sidoo kale qaybta FAT iyo NTFS ee ay isticmaasho Windows, waxaad dib u soo celin kartaa xogta iyo faylasha nidaamka hawlgalka, oo aad dib u soo celin karto, waxaad isticmaali kartaa vim iyo nano tafatirayaasha si ay u saxaan faylasha.
Nadaamka Samatabbixinta oo leh GUI
Haddii aad u baahan tahay qalabka garaafyada, waxaad bilaabi kartaa jawiga garaafyada adiga oo galaya startx amar. Jawiga garaafku wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad la shaqeyso GParted (maamulaha qaybta), adeegso tifaftirayaasha garaafyada sida Geany ama Featherpad, baadh webka, oo aad isticmaasho terminal sida xfce-terminal.
Habaynta Shabakadda SystemRescue
SystemRescue waxay kuu ogolaanaysaa inaad ku xidho shabakada Habkani wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad abuurto nuqul ka mid ah shabakada, soo dejiso faylasha, ka shaqeyso meel fog SSH ama galitaanka faylasha ku yaal server-ka Linux (iyada oo loo marayo NFS) ama nidaamka Windows (via Samba). Habka ugu habboon ee loo habayn karo shabakadda waa in la isticmaalo adeegga maamulaha shabakadda. Waxay bixisaa qalab garaafeed aad ugu habboon habaynta shabakadda. Waxay si weyn u fududaynaysaa qaabeynta shabakadda. Qalabkani waxa uu u diyaarsan yahay calaamad yar oo ku taal barta shaqada ee ku xigta saacada deegaanka garaafyada. Utility console ku habboon waa nmtui - waxay bixisaa interface interface ah habaynta iyo maaraynta isku xirka shabakadaha. Waa qayb ka mid ah NetworkManager waxayna u ogolaataa dadka isticmaala inay habeeyaan xuduudaha shabakada iyaga oo aan ka tagin terminalka.
Haddii aad rabto inaad gacanta ku dejiso shabakada, waxaad isticmaali kartaa aaladaha khadka taliska ee anfacaya.
Fur terminaalka oo orod:
ip link showWaxaad arki doontaa liiska is-dhexgalka, tusaale ahaan:
1. lo: ...
2. ens3: ...Habaynta IP static:
ip addr add 192.168.1.100/24 dev ens3
ip route add default via 192.168.1.1Hubi amarka:
ip addr show eth0
ip routeWaxaad u habayn kartaa DNS adiga oo tafatiraya ama abuuraya fayl /etc/resolv.conf:
nano /etc/resolv.confOo geli gelida:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 1.1.1.1
Aaladaha Samatabbixinta Nidaamka aasaasiga ah iyo amarada
Soo celinta GRUB bootloader
Go'aami qaybta xididka:
fdisk -lDhererka qaybta xididka:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntNidaamyada UEFI:
mount /dev/sdXn /mnt/boot/efiKu rakib GRUB:
grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdXn
update-grubLoogu talagalay XFS (hubi kaliya):
xfs_repair -n /dev/sdXnMaareynta qaybaha
Amarada la heli karo: parted, fdisk, gdisk, lsblk, mkfs, mount, umount
Abuuritaanka qayb ext4:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdXnLa shaqaynta nidaamyada faylka
Hubinta iyo soo celinta nidaamka faylka:
fsck /dev/sdXn # для ext4, ext3
ntfsfix /dev/sdXn # для NTFSsii kordhaya:
mount /dev/sdXn /mntLa shaqaynta Btrfs iyo XFS:
btrfs check /dev/sdXn
xfs_repair /dev/sdXnDisk cloning oo leh drescue
Ku xidhid saxan waxyeeloobay sawirka:
ddrescue -f -n /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.logSii wadida cloning go'ay iyadoo la isku dayay in lagu soo kabsado qaybaha xun:
ddrescue -d -f -r3 /dev/sdXn /mnt/backup/sdXn.img /mnt/backup/sdXn.logkaabta
Iyadoo dd:
dd if=/dev/sdXn of=/dev/sdXn bs=64K status=progressIyadoo rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Koobiynta xogta shabakada
Mashiinka la beegsanayo (qaataha):
nc -l -p 1234 | dd of=disk.imgMashiinka asalka ah (ilo):
dd if=/dev/sdXn | nc 192.168.1.100 1234Ka bax habka soo kabashada
In VMManager Virtual server-ka kontoroolka, dooro mashiinka loo baahan yahay oo dami habka soo kabashada ee liiska; Ka dib dib-u-kicinta, server-ku wuxuu u dhaqaaqi doonaa xaaladdiisii hore.
Nidaamka Badbaadinta FAQ
Sida loo qoro SystemRescue USB flash drive?
Ka soo deji qaybinta website-, ka dibna samee flash drive rakibaadda
Windowsleh Rufus
Linux:
dd if=systemrescue.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress && syncSuurtagal ma tahay in la isticmaalo SystemRescue iyada oo aan la rakibin?
Haa, waxay si buuxda ugu shaqeysaa qaabka tooska ah - waxay ka socotaa USB, CD ama ISO mashiinka farsamada.
Nidaamkee faylka ay taageerto?
La taageeray ext2/3/4, XFS, Btrfs, FAT, NTFS, ReiserFS, exFAT iyo kuwa kale.
Sidee loo xiraa diskka?
Linux:
dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb bs=64K status=progressSuurtagal ma tahay in la soo celiyo faylasha la tirtiray?
Haa, isticmaalaya photorec (text interface) ama testdisk (kabashada qaybinta).
Sidee loo sameeyaa nuqul kaabta?
Tusaale ahaan rsync:
rsync -aAXv /mnt/source/ /mnt/backup/Ma jirtaa taageero loogu talagalay saxanadaha Windows?
Haa, waad fuuli kartaa oo akhrin kartaa NTFS iyo FAT32.
Suurtagal ma tahay in meel fog laga isticmaalo SystemRescue?
Haa, SSH, VNC, Samba, NFS iyo aaladaha shabakadaha kale waa la taageeray.
Ugu Dambeyn
SystemRescue waa qalab lagama maarmaan u ah maamulayaasha nidaamka, injineerada taageerada iyo isticmaalayaasha awooda. Waxay sahlaysaa in la soo kabsado xogta, cilad bixinta arrimaha boot, la ogaado hardware iyo maaraynta qaybaha. Iyada oo leh adeegyo kala duwan oo ku dhex jira, waxay beddeshaa daraasiin kala duwan oo qaybin Live ah iyo yutiilitida hal ISO.
