Linux text editors

Console mameseji edhita chishandiso chakakosha mune server manejimendi, ichipa kugona kugadzira uye kugadzirisa mameseji mafaera. Iwo anosiyaniswa nekuti akavakirwa pamutsetse wekuraira, usina graphical zvinhu, asi panguva imwechete inopa ese anodiwa sarudzo dzebasa rinoshanda neruzivo rwemavara. Ichi chishandiso chinogona kubatsira zvese kumabasa madiki, semuenzaniso, kushandura imwe chaiyo faira, uye yekudzidza yakazara ye server logs paLinux.

Muchikamu chino tichaongorora akati wandei console text edhita eLinux masisitimu anoshanda. Ngatitarisei mhinduro dzakakurumbira, dzakadai se nano, vim, uye zvakare taura nezve zvisinganyanyozivikanwa: emacs, Joe uye micro. Mushure mekuverenga, mushandisi achave neruzivo rwese evapepeti vese vakanyorwa, uye achakwanisa kusarudza yakanyanya kunaka kune yake akazvitsaurira kana chaiwo. Server.

Nano text editor

Nano ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa mameseji edhita eLinux masisitimu. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa, nano inopa bhenefiti yakasarudzika - haidi hunyanzvi hwepamusoro hwekushandisa. Iyi console text editor yakagadzirirwa kuve nyore kushandisa uye intuitive, ichiita kuti iwanikwe kunyangwe kune vanotanga. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, inenge yatofanogadzwa pane system. Nekudaro, kana isiripo, unogona kuisa mupepeti uchishandisa mirairo inotevera:

YeCentOS:

yum install nano

Pamusoro peDebian/Ubuntu:

apt install nano

Iwe unogona kushandisa uyu murairo kuti uvhure faira uye uenderere mberi nekushanda mune yemavara edhita:

nano path/to/file

Rondedzero yemirairo yekutanga yekushanda nemafaira inoratidzwa pazasi pehwindo. Ingoshandisa kiyi yeCtrl panguva imwe chete nebasa raunoda. The tool mapepa inogona kupa ruzivo rwakadzama.

Kuti ushandise chishandiso chine sarudzo dzisingaonekwe mune terminal, shandisa syntax:

nano option path/to/file

Rondedzero yakazara yemabasa aripo anogona kuwanikwa zvakare mune zvinyorwa pane iyi link iri pamusoro. Iwo makuru anosanganisira zvinotevera:

+number - tsanangura mutsara mufaira kuti utange
--tabsize=digit - gadza saizi yekuisa munzvimbo
--smooth -gonesa kupuruzira kwakatsetseka kana uchifamba nefaira
--mouse -gonesa mbeva tsigiro yekufambisa uye kuratidza mavara
--autoindent - otomatiki wedzera indents kana uchienda kune mutsara mutsva
--wordwrap - kuputira mitsetse nemashoko, kwete nemabhii
--softwrap - kuputira mitsara nemaziso, pasina kushandura chinyorwa chaicho
--syntax=language -gonesa kukwidziridzwa kwe syntax kune chaiyo programming mutauro
--bookmarks - wedzera mabhukimaki kukurumidza kufamba mufaira
--multibuffer - vhura akawanda mafaera mumabuffer akasiyana ekugadzirisa panguva imwe chete
--linenumbers - ratidza mutsara nhamba musidebar
--rebindkey=key:command - reassign kiyi kune yakatarwa murairo

Izvo zvakakosha kuti utaure kuti kugonesa kana kugadzirisa mamwe mabasa iwe unozofanirwa kushandisa iyo yekumisikidza faira iri pa /etc/nanorc. Kuti ugone kugonesa kana kudzima basa, unofanirwa kubvisa basa rekutaura kubva mumutsara (# chiratidzo), uye kuita shanduko kune yakatarwa sarudzo - shandura iyo inowirirana kukosha.

Vim text editor

Vim - ndeye advanced console text edhita, iyi ishanduro yakagadziridzwa yepakutanga vi, yakabudiswa muna 1976. Chimiro chayo chiri mune imwe pfungwa yakasiyana yemaitiro ekushanda: zvakajairika, kuisa uye maitiro ekuona. Yakava nemukurumbira nekubudirira kwayo mukuronga nekuda kweiyo yakakura seti yemirairo uye tsigiro yenguva dzose zvirevo zvekutsvaga nekutsiva. Kusiyana nevapepeti vakareruka senge nano, vim inogona kutora nguva yakareba kuti uzive.

Kuiswa paCentOS kunoitwa nemurairo:

yum install vim

Pamusoro peDebian/Ubuntu:

apt install vim

Chirongwa chinotangwa uye faira rinodiwa rinovhurwa nekuraira:

vim path/to/file

Sezvauri kuona kubva pamuenzaniso uri pamusoro, kodhi inosimudzira mukati vim inogoneswa neiyo default. Kushanda kwechirongwa kwakawedzera, uye manejimendi efaira anoitika zvakasiyana pane mune vamwe vapepeti. Vagadziri vakagovera yakaparadzana Rubatsiro rwekubatsira kuti uwane ruzivo rwakadzama rwezvishandiso zvese zvinogoneka uye mirairo.

Heino, semuenzaniso, ndizvo zvinotaridzika zvakanyanya mirairo:

i - enda kuisa mode kuti utange kuisa zvinyorwa
Esc - buda kuisa modhi uye dzokera kune yekuraira modhi (yakajairika maitiro)
:w - chengetedza faira iripo
:q - siya faira iripo
:q! -siya faira iripo pasina kuchengetedza shanduko
yy -kopa mutsara wazvino
dd - cheka mutsara wazvino
p - namatidza mutsara wakakopwa kana wakachekwa mushure meiyo yazvino
u - gadzirisa chiito chekupedzisira
/search_term - tsvaga yekutsvaga_temu tambo mufaira
:s/old/new/g - tsiva ese ekare nezvitsva mumutsara wazvino
:set number - ratidza mutsara nhamba

Vim ine simba uye inochinjika mameseji edhita akagadzirirwa kukwenenzvera maitiro ekushanda nemavara. Iyo yakanyanya kusarudzika ndiyo yakanyanya kukwirisa yekupinda chipinganidzo kune vanotanga. Iyo interface uye mirairo inogona kunge isingazivikanwe kune avo vachangotanga kuidzidza, uye izvi zvinogona kutungamira mune mamwe matambudziko pakutanga.

Emacs text editor

Emacs ine simba uye inogadziriswa mameseji edhita inopa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvekugadzirisa zvinyorwa, kunyora kodhi, uye kutonga mafaera. Inotsigira mitauro yakawanda yepurogiramu, ine yakavakirwa-mukati tsigiro yezvekuwedzera (plugins), uye inobvumira mushandisi kuti agadzire ega zvinyorwa zve otomatiki mabasa. Emacs zvakare ine yakasarudzika buffer uye hwindo manejimendi system, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yeanonyanya kuchinjika uye maficha-akapfuma edhita akatenderedza.

Kuisa paCentOS, isu tichashandisa murairo:

yum install emacs

Pamusoro peDebian/Ubuntu:

apt install emacs

Kuvhura imwe faira mukoni kwakafanana nevamwe vapepeti:

emacs path/to/file

Nekumisikidza, kukwidziridzwa kwe syntax kwakavharwa, uye chitarisiko chacho hachina kumbosiyana nevamwe vagadziri vekoni. Pazasi pechidzitiro pane bhaa yemamiriro, uye basa guru riri kumusoro. Nekudaro, kana uchishanda neiyo console vhezheni yemupepeti, basa iri rinongowanikwa chete uchishandisa kiibhodhi shortcut. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti makiyi ekubatsira anoshandiswa ndeye Kudzora kiyi, iyo inoiswa kuCtrl nekukasira, uye Meta kiyi, yakaiswa kuAlt. Zvinyorwa peji pawebhusaiti yepamutemo ichakubatsira iwe kujairana nekushanda kwakazara.

Semuenzaniso, ngatitarisei iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mirairo:

Alt+X – nyora murairo
Ctrl+X Ctrl+C - pedyo mupepeti
Ctrl+G - kanzura chiito
Ctrl+H b – ratidza makiyi ekudimbudzira
Ctrl+X Ctrl+S -save file
Ctrl+X Ctrl+F - vhura faira
Alt+W - kopi
Ctrl+W - cheka
Ctrl+Y - namatidza
Ctrl+X 2 - kupatsanura hwindo vertically
Ctrl+X 0- chinja pakati pemahwindo
Ctrl+X -> Ctrl+X <- chinja pakati pemabhafa

Kupfupisa, emacs inopa akasiyana maficha akadai seanochinjika yekuraira sisitimu, yakakwirira kugadzirisa, uye yakakura inoshanda mhinduro. Yaro yekuraira mutsara uye macros inobvumira vashandisi kugadzira yakanyanya kushanda maitiro. Nekudaro, nekuda kwechimiro chayo chinochinjika zvakanyanya, haikurudzirwe kushandiswa nevanotanga.

Joe text editor

Joe ndeye console-based text editor yakagadzirwa naJoseph Ellis. Iyo inopa yakapusa uye intuitive interface, yakanakira kushanda mune yemavara console. Joe inopa mabasa ekutanga ekugadzirisa mameseji akadai sekuisa, kudzima, kukopa, pamwe nemhando yepamusoro zvinosanganisira tsigiro yemitauro yakawanda yekuronga ine syntax inosimudzira. Kuda nano, mupepeti uyu isarudzo yakanaka kune avo vanokoshesa usability.

Raira kuisa paCentOS:

yum install joe

Pamusoro peDebian/Ubuntu:

apt install joe

A text file inovhurwa nemurairo:

joe path/to/file

Syntax inoratidzira inogadziriswa neyakagadzika, uye ruzivo rwekutanga nezve faira riri kugadziriswa rinoratidzwa kumusoro kwemupepeti. Sezvakaita vapepeti vekare, Joe ine zvakawanda zvekuwedzera sarudzo, kusanganisira tsigiro yemirairo macro. Kuti uzive nezve yekutanga seti yemirairo, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa kiyi musanganiswa Ctrl + K, uyezve iyo H key. Iwo aripo mabasa acharatidzwa kumusoro kweiyo terminal:

Rondedzero yakadzama yezvimiro inogona kuwanikwa pa mapepa peji.

Joe ine nyore uye intuitive interface, ichiita kuti iwanikwe kune vanotanga. Panguva imwecheteyo, inopa maficha ane simba akadai serutsigiro rwemahwindo mazhinji, kuratidza mavara, kutsvaga uye kutsiva, zvichiita kuti inakidze kune vane hunyanzvi. The disvantage ye Joe ndeyekuti inoshaya rutsigiro rwakapararira uye budiriro kana ichienzaniswa nevamwe vapepeti vezvinyorwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mashoma maficha uye zvigadziriso mune ramangwana. Vashandisi vanogona zvakare kusangana nekuomerwa mukugona maficha uye makiyi musanganiswa kana uchichinja kubva kune dzimwe mhinduro.

Micro text editor

Micro -Iyakareruka, iri nyore kushandisa mameseji edhita yakagadzirwa nekutarisa pane minimalism uye intuitivity. Ichi chishandiso chinopa basa rekugadzirisa zvinyorwa uye rinotsigira mamwe maitiro ekuwedzera. Micro inotsigira syntax kukwidziridzwa kwemitauro yakasiyana-siyana yekuronga, mitsetse yakawanda-mutsara, plugin rutsigiro uye zvimwe zvinogoneka zvemushandisi marongero.

Kuiswa paCentOS kunoitwa nekushandisa yakakosha script ine murairo:

curl https://getmic.ro | bash

Pamusoro peDebian/Ubuntu:

apt install micro

Ndokumbira utarise: uchishandisa iyi nzira yekuisa, kutanga iyo edhita paCentOS ichave yakasiyana. Unogona kuvhura imwe faira uri mudhairekitori repamba pako nemurairo:

./micro path/to/file

Kuti ushandise chishandiso kubva kune chero dhairekitori, unofanirwa kuiendesa ku /usr/bin. Kuti tiite izvi tichashandisa murairo

mv micro /usr/bin/

Pashure pacho, the micro kutanga maitiro achafanana pane ese Linux masisitimu, kusanganisira Debian/Ubuntu:

micro path/to/file

Makiyi ekufambisa nekugadzirisa gwaro anogona kudzidzwa nekudzvanya Alt+G. Mirairo inonyanya kushandiswa icharatidzwa pazasi peiyo terminal:

The Ctlr+G musanganiswa uchavhura chikamu chakazara chekubatsira chechishandiso:

Iwe unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve chishandiso kugona pane yepamutemo GitHub purojekiti peji mu mapepa chikamu.

Pakazara, iyo micro editor isarudzo yakanakisa kune avo vakajaira kureruka uye usability. Yayo minimalistic dhizaini uye nekukurumidza kuita inoita kuti ive chinhu chinokwezva chevagadziri. Nekudaro, iyo yakashata inogona kunge yakaganhurwa seti yemabasa uye kushomeka kweiyo graphical interface. Zvisinei neizvi, micro mupepeti anoramba ari yakavimbika uye inoshanda mhinduro yemavara mafaira editing

mhedziso

Ongororo yezvinyorwa zvekoni vapepeti veLinux yakaratidza kusiyana uye yakasarudzika hunhu hweumwe neumwe wavo. Kushaikwa kwemhinduro chete yakakodzera kunosimbisa kukosha kwesarudzo yemunhu, zvichibvumira vashandisi kugadzirisa ruzivo rwavo kuti ruenderane nezvavanofarira uye zvavanoda. Sarudzo yakafara yekoni mameseji edhita eLinux inopa vashandisi mukana wekugadzirisa chishandiso kune zvavanoda, vachiratidzira kuchinjika uye kusiyana-siyana munyika yekugadzira mazwi.